%%% Generically I say LaTeX, but really I'm using XeLaTeX for font-handling and pdf output benefits
%%% The actual command I run on this file (which is an applescript actually so I don't have to type this horrendous thing) is /opt/local/libexec/texlive/texbin/xelatex --synctex=1 --interaction=nonstopmode /Users/hornelen/Documents/Professional/Learning/Conferences/SOSAAPT-2014-03-15/TestTemplate.tex; SetFile -a V *.log *.aux *.nav *.out *.snm *.toc *.brf *.lof *synctex.gz *.cut *.vrb; open TestTemplate.pdf
%%% basic version from folder where this file is stored: /opt/local/libexec/texlive/texbin/xelatex TestTemplate.tex   - you may have to change the path to xelatex

\documentclass[12pt]{article}   % basic

%%%%% Common Packages to include (this can be in a file in \texmf-local\tex\latex and \input{yourfilename} used instead)
\usepackage{graphicx}  % include and modify images
\usepackage[hang,small,bf]{caption}    % more control over figure and table captions, captions outside figure and table
\usepackage{wrapfig}  % wrap text around figures
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, mathtools}   % math
\usepackage{fontspec}  % redefine default fonts easily; specifically to use energy bar font
\usepackage{multicol}  % vary # of columns w/in doc w/o new page
\usepackage{hanging}  % hanging indents
\usepackage{setspace} % vary spacing between lines in a paragraph
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}  % permits strikeouts
\usepackage{comment}   % multiple versions of document produced by including/excluding (non-contiguous) chunks
\usepackage{color}	   % use color in text and math
\usepackage{tikz} % draw via command directly in document - cross between CAD and GeoGebra
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows,decorations.pathmorphing,scopes,calc,circuits.ee.IEC,circuits.logic.US} % some extra tikz goodies
\usepackage{rotating} % put text in rotated by any angle (use minipage)
\usepackage[per-mode=fraction,sticky-per=true,load-configurations=abbreviations,separate-uncertainty=true]{siunitx}  % unitalicized units in math modes, non-breaking space between number and units everywhere, fractions in units w/o going into math mode
%%%%%

\usepackage{paralist}  % set numbering with each instance; enumerate in a row rather than a column (add your own spaces); e.g. [\textbf{A)}] to control numbering style; not w/ Beamer
\usepackage{ragged2e}  % to avoid justified type which is generally ugly; not w/ Beamer
	\RaggedRight 
	\setlength{\parskip}{0.05in}   % Because raggedright undoes paragraph skips and indents
	\parindent=0.5in
\usepackage[total={7.25in,9.75in}, top=0.5in, left=0.75in]{geometry}  %margin and orientation setting; DOCUMENT SPECIFIC; not w/ Beamer
\usepackage[xetex,pagebackref=true,colorlinks=true,linkcolor=blue]{hyperref}  % internal and external clickable links; MUST BE LAST; not w/ Beamer

%%%%% Shortcuts and redefinitions to include (this can be in a file in \texmf-local\tex\latex and \input{yourfilename} used instead)

%%%%%  Spacing and Size refinements  %%%%%%
%separate rows of arrays just a tad more
	\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
% can shrink vertical space in lists
	\newenvironment{enumerate*}{\begin{enumerate}\setlength{\itemsep}{-2pt}}{\end{enumerate}}
	\newenvironment{itemize*}{\begin{itemize}\setlength{\itemsep}{-2pt}}{\end{itemize}}		  

% Alter the LaTeX defaults so in-line math will hardly ever break across a line
\relpenalty=10000
\binoppenalty=10000
\sloppy % tells LaTeX to permit more space at ends of lines in preference to running into margins (with equations or web addresses especially)

% Alter some LaTeX defaults for better treatment of figures in terms of fitting them on the page:
    % See p.105 of "TeX Unbound" for suggested values.
    % See pp. 199-200 of Lamport's "LaTeX" book for details.
    %   General parameters, for ALL pages:
    \renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.99}	% max fraction of floats at top
    \renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.99}	% max fraction of floats at bottom
    %   Parameters for TEXT pages (not float pages):
    \setcounter{topnumber}{6}
    \setcounter{bottomnumber}{6}
    \setcounter{totalnumber}{12}     % 2 may work better
    \setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}    % for 2-column pages
    \renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{0.9}	% fit big float above 2-col. text
    \renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.01}	% allow minimal text w. figs
    %   Parameters for FLOAT pages (not text pages):
    \renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.9}	% require fuller float pages
	% N.B.: floatpagefraction MUST be less than topfraction !!
    \renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{0.9}	% require fuller float pages
%%%%%  End Spacing refinements  %%%%%

%%%%% Color %%%%%
%color redefinitions (cyan and blue defaults were too close)
	\definecolor{DarkBlue}{rgb}{0.1,0.1,0.9}
	\definecolor{RealCyan}{rgb}{0.2,0.7,0.9}
%color shortcuts
	\newcommand{\rd}{\color{red}}
	\newcommand{\bl}{\color{DarkBlue}}
	\newcommand{\gr}{\color{green}}
	\newcommand{\mt}{\color{magenta}}
	\newcommand{\cy}{\color{RealCyan}}
%%%%% End Color %%%%%

%%%%% shortcut for the autoscaled (), [], and <> - Don't autocolor becuase it breaks ^ placement. %%%%%
%%%%% These break the standard \[…\] for displayed equations - I use \begin{align}\end{align} always so I don't care. YMMV.  %%%%%
	\renewcommand{\(}{\left(}
	\renewcommand{\)}{\right)}

	\renewcommand{\[}{\left[}
	\renewcommand{\]}{\right]}
	
	\newcommand{\<}{\left\langle}
	\renewcommand{\>}{\right\rangle}
%%%%% end (), [], and <> automation  %%%%%

%%%% Other Shortcuts %%%%%
\newcommand{\EE}[1]{\ensuremath{\times 10^{#1}}}   %short-cut for powers of ten
\newcommand{\e}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{e}}}   %Euler's number is a constant rather than a variable
\renewcommand{\d}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{d}}}   %differential operator should not look like a variable
%%%% End Other shortcuts %%%%%

%%%%% modifications to SIunitx %%%%%
	\DeclareSIPostPower\sq{2}   % for some reason XeTeX croaks on \2 here
	\DeclareSIPostPower\3{3}
	\DeclareSIPostPower\4{4}
	\DeclareSIUnit\lightyear{ly}
	\DeclareSIUnit\torr{torr}
	\DeclareSIUnit\gauss{G}
	\DeclareSIUnit\J{J}
	\DeclareSIUnit\farenheit{\SIUnitSymbolDegree F}
	\DeclareSIUnit\AU{AU}
	\DeclareSIUnit\knots{knots}
	\DeclareSIUnit\h{h}
	\DeclareSIUnit\bel{B}
%%%%% end modifications to SIunitx %%%%%

%%%%% vectors use both bold and arrow  %%%%%%
	\newcommand{\vect}[1]{\overrightarrow{\boldsymbol{#1}}}
	\newcommand{\hatt}[1]{\hat{\boldsymbol{#1}}}
	
%%%%%% inverse trig functions  %%%%%%%%
	\newcommand{\atan}{\operatorname{atan}}
	\newcommand{\asin}{\operatorname{asin}}
	\newcommand{\acos}{\operatorname{acos}}
	\newcommand{\acot}{\operatorname{acot}}
	\newcommand{\acsc}{\operatorname{acsc}}
	\newcommand{\asec}{\operatorname{asec}}
	\newcommand{\sgn}{\operatorname{sgn}}

%%%%%% stuff above is preamble for most stuff (except Beamer things); below is what I use for tests; much goes away for things that aren't tests %%%%%

\input{testpoints}   % create the problem environment and assign points (fr http://www.math.duke.edu/computing/tex/templates.html saved in folder w/ this or in \texmf-local\tex\latex)
%create annotated and unannotated output from this file by changing include <-> exclude
\excludecomment{topics}
\excludecomment{years}
\includecomment{questions}
\includecomment{work}
\excludecomment{solutions}
\excludecomment{answers}
\excludecomment{answersonly}
\excludecomment{grading}
\excludecomment{extended}

%%%% equation list is a saved code snippet; I comment out equations I don't want to give on a particular test  - need better organization and breaks so I can find things %%%%
\newcommand{\myeqn}{\begin{multicols}{3}
$$ \vect{x}=\vect{x}_0+\vect{v}_0 t +\frac{1}{2}\vect{a} t^2 $$
$$ \vect{v}=\vect{v}_0 + \vect{a} t $$
$$ \vect{x}=\frac{1}{2}\( \vect{v_0}+\vect{v} \)t $$
$$ v^2=v_0^2 + 2 a d $$
$$ R=\frac{v_0^2\sin(2\theta)}{g}=\frac{2v_0^2\sin(\theta)\cos(\theta)}{g} $$
$$ g=\SI{9.8}{\meter\per\s\sq}=\SI{32}{ft\per\s\sq} $$
$$ \sum \vect{F}=m\vect{a} $$
$$ F=G\frac{Mm}{r^2} $$
$$ G=\SI{6.67e-11}{\newton\m\sq\per\kg\sq} $$
$$ M_E=\SI{5.98e24}{\kg} $$
$$ M_m=\SI{7.35e22}{\kg} $$
$$ R_E=\SI{6.38e6}{\m} $$
$$ R_{m}=\SI{1.74e6}{\m} $$
$$ R_{E-m}=\SI{3.85e8}{\m} $$
$$ \mbox{apparent weight}=mg+ma $$
$$ F_{fs}\le\mu_s F_N $$
$$ F_{fk}=\mu_k F_N $$
$$ a_c=\frac{v^2}{r}$$
$$ a_c=\omega^2 r $$
$$ v=\frac{2\pi r}{T} $$
$$ \( \frac{T_1}{T_2} \)^2=\( \frac{r_1}{r_2} \)^3 $$
$$ T=\frac{2\pi r^{3/2}}{\sqrt{GM}} $$
$$ v=\sqrt{\frac{GM}{r}} $$
$$ W=Fd\cos(\theta) $$
$$ GPE=mgh $$
$$ GPE=-G\frac{Mm}{r} $$
$$ KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^2 $$
$$ SPE=\frac{1}{2}kx^2 $$
$$ \vect{F}=-k\vect{x} $$
{\tiny$$ GPE_i+KE_i+RKE_i+SPE_i+W_{nc}$$
$$\qquad=GPE_f+KE_f+RKE_f+SPE_f $$}
$$ W_{net}=\Delta\( KE \) $$
$$ P=\frac{W}{t}=\frac{E}{t} $$
$$ P=Fv\cos(\theta) $$
$$ \vect{p}=m\vect{v} $$
$$ \Delta \vect{p}=\vect{F}\Delta t $$
$$ x_{cm}=\frac{\sum m_i x_i}{\sum m_i} $$
$$ \theta=\theta_0+\omega_0 t+\frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2 $$
$$ \theta=\frac{1}{2}\( \omega+\omega_0 \)t $$
$$ \omega=\omega_0 + \alpha t $$
$$ \omega^2=\omega_0^2+2\alpha\( \theta-\theta_0 \) $$
$$ x=r\theta $$
$$ v=r\omega $$
$$ a_{tan}=r\alpha $$
$$ \tau=rF\sin(\theta) $$
$$ \sum \tau=I\alpha $$
$$ L=rp\sin(\theta)=I\omega $$
$$ RKE=\frac{1}{2}I\omega^2 $$
$$ W=\tau\theta $$
$$ \sum\tau=\frac{\Delta L}{\Delta t} $$
$$ x_{cm}=\frac{\sum_i m_i x_i}{\sum_i m_i} $$
$$ I_{hoop}=mr^2 $$
$$ I_{disk}=\frac{1}{2}mr^2 $$
$$ I_{thinrod}= \frac{1}{12}mL^2$$
$$ I_{solidsphere}=\frac{2}{5}mr^2 $$
$$ I_{hollowsphere}=\frac{2}{3}mr^2 $$
$$ \frac{F}{A}=Y\frac{\Delta L}{L_0} $$
$$ \frac{F}{A}=S\frac{\Delta x}{L_0} $$
$$ \frac{F}{A}=-B\frac{\Delta V}{V_0} $$
$$ x(t)=A\cos(\omega t) $$
$$ v(t)=-A\omega\sin(\omega t) $$
$$ a(t)=-A\omega^2\cos(\omega t) $$
$$ \omega=\sqrt{\frac{k}{m}} $$
$$ \omega=\sqrt{\frac{g}{l}} $$
$$ \omega=\sqrt{\frac{mgL}{I}} $$
$$ f=\frac{1}{T} $$
$$ \omega=2\pi f $$
$$ F_{\textrm{drag}} = b_1 v $$
$$ F_{\textrm{drag}} = b_2 v^2 $$
$$ b_1=6\pi\eta r $$
$$ \eta_{\textrm{glycerin}}=\SI{1.5}{\Pa\s} $$
$$ \rho=\frac{m}{V} $$
$$ P=\frac{F}{A} $$
$$ P_2=P_1+\rho g h $$
$$ \Delta P_1=\Delta P_2 $$
$$ F_B=W_{\rm fluid}=\rho V_{\rm displaced}g $$
$$ \rho_1A_1v_1=\rho_2A_2v_2 $$
$$ Q=Av $$
{\tiny$$ P_1+\frac{1}{2}\rho v_1^2+\rho gh_1=P_2+\frac{1}{2}\rho v_2^2+\rho gh_2 $$}
$$ F=\eta A \frac{v}{y} $$
$$ Q=\frac{\pi r^4\( P_1-P_2 \)}{8\eta L} $$
$$ \gamma=\frac{F}{L} $$
$$ \rho_{H_2 O}=\SI{1000}{\kg\per\m\cubed} $$
$$ P_{\rm atm}=\SI{1.013e5}{\pascal} $$
$$ T_K=T_C+273.15 $$
$$ \Delta L=\alpha L_0 \Delta T $$
$$ \Delta V=\beta V_0 \Delta T $$
$$ Q=cm\Delta T $$
$$ Q=mL $$
$$ Q=\frac{(kA \Delta T)t}{L} $$
$$ Q=e\sigma T^4 At $$
$$ \sigma=\SI{5.67e-8}{\J\per\s\m\sq\K\4} $$
$$ P_{net}=e\sigma A(T^4-T^4_{env}) $$
$$ n=\frac{N}{N_A}=\frac{m}{\mbox{mass per mole}} $$
$$ N_A=6.022\e{23} $$
$$ PV=nRT $$
$$ R=\SI{8.31}{\J\per\mol\K} $$
$$ PV=Nk_B T $$
$$ k_B=\SI{1.381e-23}{\J\per\K} $$
$$ P_iV_i=P_fV_f $$
$$ \frac{V_i}{T_i}=\frac{V_f}{T_f} $$
$$ \overline{KE}_1=\frac{1}{2}mv_{rms}^2=\frac{3}{2}k_B T $$
$$ U_{mono}=\frac{3}{2}nRT $$
$$ U_{dia}=\frac{5}{2}nRT $$
$$ m=\frac{(DA \Delta C)t}{L} $$
$$ \Delta U=Q-W_{\rm{by}} $$
$$ W=P\Delta V $$
$$ W=nRT\ln\( \frac{V_f}{V_i} \) $$
$$ |W|=|Q_H|-|Q_C| $$
$$ e=\frac{|W|}{|Q_H|} $$
$$ e=1-\frac{T_C}{T_H} $$
$$ COP=\frac{|Q_C|}{|W|} $$
$$ COP=\frac{T_C}{T_H-T_C} $$
$$ COP=PF=\frac{|Q_H|}{|W|} $$
$$ COP=PF=\frac{T_H}{T_H-T_C} $$
$$ \Delta S=\frac{Q}{T} $$
$$ W_{\rm{unavailable}}=T_{\rm{min}}(\Delta S)_{\rm{universe}} $$
$$ P_iV_i^{\gamma}=P_fV_f^{\gamma} $$
$$ Q=nC\Delta T $$
$$ C_V=\frac{3}{2}R $$
$$ C_P=\frac{5}{2}R $$
$$ C_P-C_V=R $$
$$ \frac{C_P}{C_V}=\gamma $$
$$ v=f\lambda $$
$$ v=\sqrt{\frac{F_T}{m/L}} $$
$$ v=\SI{343}{\m\per\s}+\SI{0.6}{\m\per\s\celsius}\( T-\SI{20}{\celsius} \) $$
$$ v=\SI{331}{\m\per\s}+\SI{0.6}{\m\per\s\celsius}T $$
$$ v=\sqrt{\frac{\gamma k_B T}{m}} $$
$$ v=\sqrt{\frac{B_{ad}}{\rho}} $$
$$ v=\sqrt{\frac{Y}{\rho}} $$
$$ I=\frac{P}{A} $$
$$ A_{\rm sphere}=4\pi r^2 $$
$$ \beta_2-\beta_1=\SI{10}{dB}\log\( \frac{I_2}{I_1} \) $$
$$ I_0=\SI{10e-12}{\watt\per\m\sq} $$
$$ y=A\sin\( 2\pi f t \pm \frac{2\pi x}{\lambda} \) $$
$$ \frac{f_O}{f_E} = \frac{v_s\pm v_O}{v_s\pm v_E} $$
$$ f_n=n\frac{v}{2L} $$
$$ f_n=n\frac{v}{4L} $$
$$ L=L_0+n0.3D $$
%$$ \mathrm{holeShiftup}=\frac{t+0.8D_h-0.5\frac{D_h^2}{D_p}}{\( \frac{D_h}{D_p} \)^2+\frac{t+0.8D_h-0.5\frac{D_h^2}{D_p}}{\mathrm{amount-to-cut-off}}} $$
$$ f=\left|f_1-f_2\right| $$
$$ \frac{\left|L_1-L_2\right|}{\lambda_n}=m + \begin{cases}0 \\ \frac{1}{2}\end{cases} $$
$$ \left|L_1-L_2\right| = 2t $$
$$ \left|L_1-L_2\right| = d\sin(\theta) $$
%\vfill
%\columnbreak
use $ \frac{1}{2} $ if odd number true
\begin{itemize*}
	\item destructive
	\item single slit
	\item $ n_2>n_1 $ per interface
	\item sources out of phase
\end{itemize*}
%\columnbreak
%$$ \sin(\theta)=\frac{\lambda}{D} $$
%$$ \sin(\theta)=1.22\frac{\lambda}{D} $$
%$$ \left|L_1-L_2\right|=m\lambda $$
%$$ \left|L_1-L_2\right|=\( m+\frac{1}{2} \)\lambda $$
%$$ d\sin(\theta)=m\lambda $$
$$ n=\frac{c}{v} $$
$$ c=\SI{3.00e8}{\m\per\s} $$
$$ n_{inc}\sin(\theta_{inc}) = n_{refr}\sin(\theta_{refr}) $$
$$ \theta_{inc}=\theta_{refl} $$
%$$ d_{app}=d_{act}\frac{n_{refr}}{n_{inc}} $$
%$$ \sin(\theta_c)=\frac{n_{refr}}{n_{inc}}\qquad n_{inc}>n_{refr} $$
$$ |f|=\frac{R}{2} $$
$$ \frac{1}{f}=\frac{1}{d_o}+\frac{1}{d_i} $$
$$ M=\frac{h_i}{h_o}=-\frac{d_i}{d_o} $$
$$ \tan(\theta_P)=\frac{n_{refr}}{n_{inc}}$$
$$ \frac{1}{f} = \frac{n_{lens}-n_{env}}{n_{env}}\[\frac{1}{r_1}-\frac{1}{r_2}\] $$
$ r_1 $ is radius of side closest to object; $ r $'s are positive for convex surfaces from perspective of object
$$ F=k\frac{q_1q_2}{r^2} $$
$$ \vect{E}=\frac{\vect{F}}{q} $$
$$ E=k\frac{q}{r^2} $$
$$ EPE=U=k\frac{q_1q_2}{r} $$
$$ V=k\frac{q}{r} $$
$$ \vect{F}=q\vect{E} $$
$$ U=qV $$
$$ E=-\frac{\Delta V}{d} $$
$$ F=-\frac{\Delta U}{d} $$
$$ e=\SI{1.6e-19}{\coulomb} $$
$$ k=\SI{8.99e9}{\newton\m\sq\per\coulomb\sq} $$
$$ \epsilon_0=\SI{8.85e-12}{\coulomb\sq\per\newton\m\sq} $$
$$ m_e=\SI{9.11e-31}{\kg} $$
$$ m_p=\SI{1.67e-27}{\kg} $$
$$ \sum E_{\perp}A=\frac{q_{encl}}{\epsilon_0} $$
$$ \Phi=E_{\perp}A $$
$$ E=\frac{\sigma}{2\epsilon_0}=\frac{q/A}{2\epsilon_0} $$
$$ C=\frac{q}{V} $$
$$ C=K\epsilon_0\frac{ A}{d} $$
$$ R=\rho\frac{L}{A} $$
$$ \rho = \rho_0\[ 1+\alpha\( T-T_0 \) \] $$
$$ R=R_1+R_2 $$
$$ \frac{1}{R}=\frac{1}{R_1}+\frac{1}{R_2} $$
$$ C=C_1+C_2 $$
$$ \frac{1}{C}=\frac{1}{C_1}+\frac{1}{C_2} $$
$$ U=EPE=\frac{1}{2}qV=\frac{1}{2}CV^2=\frac{1}{2}\frac{q^2}{C} $$
$$ u=\frac{1}{2}\epsilon_0 E^2 $$
$$ I=\frac{\Delta q}{\Delta t} $$
$$ I=\frac{dq}{dt} $$
$$ V=IR $$
$$ P=I^2R=IV=\frac{V^2}{R} $$
$$ F=qvB\sin(\theta) $$
$$ F=ILB\sin(\theta) $$
$$ \sum B_{\parallel}\Delta l = \mu_0 I $$
$$ \oint \vect{B}\cdot d\vect{s} = \mu_0 I $$
$$ B=\mu_0\frac{I}{2\pi r} $$
$$ B=\mu_0\frac{N I}{2 r} $$
$$ B=\mu_0\frac{N}{L}I $$
$$ \mu_0=4\pi\times 10^{-7}\si{\tesla\m\per\ampere} $$
$$ \Phi_B=BA\cos(\theta) $$
$$ \mathcal{E}=-\frac{d\Phi_B}{dt} $$
$$ \mathcal{E}=-\frac{\Delta\Phi_B}{\Delta t} $$
$$ \mathcal{E}=BLv $$
$$ \mathcal{E}=NAB\omega\sin(\omega t) $$
$$ \frac{V_1}{V_2}=\frac{N_1}{N_2}=\frac{I_2}{I_1} $$
$$ \mathcal{E}_2=-\mathcal{M}\frac{dI_1}{dt} $$
$$ \mathcal{E}=-\mathcal{L}\frac{dI}{dt} $$
$$ \mathcal{E}_2=-\mathcal{M}\frac{\Delta I_1}{\Delta t} $$
$$ \mathcal{E}=-\mathcal{L}\frac{\Delta I}{\Delta t} $$
$$ \tau = NIAB\sin(\phi) $$
$$ IR = V-\mathcal{E} $$
$$ \Delta W = \mathcal{L}I\(\Delta I\) $$
$$ U=\frac{1}{2}\mathcal{L}I^2 $$
$$ u=\frac{1}{2}\frac{B^2}{\mu_0} $$
$$ I=I_{max}e^{-\frac{t}{RC}} $$
$$ V_R=V_{max}e^{-\frac{t}{RC}} $$
$$ V_C=V_{max}e^{-\frac{t}{RC}} $$
$$ V_C=V_{max}\(1-e^{-\frac{t}{RC}}\) $$
$$ I=I_{max}\(1-e^{-\frac{tR}{\mathcal{L}}}\) $$
$$ I=I_{max}e^{-\frac{tR}{\mathcal{L}}} $$
$$ V_R=V_{max}\(1-e^{-\frac{tR}{\mathcal{L}}}\) $$
$$ V_R=V_{max}e^{-\frac{tR}{\mathcal{L}}} $$
$$ V_{\mathcal{L}}=V_{max}e^{-\frac{tR}{\mathcal{L}}} $$
$$ \sqrt{2}V_{rms}=V_{peak} $$
$$ X_{\mathcal{L}}=2\pi f \mathcal{L} $$
$$ X_C=\frac{1}{2\pi f C} $$
$$ Z=\sqrt{R^2+(X_{\mathcal{L}}-X_C)^2} $$
$$ \tan(\phi)=\frac{X_{\mathcal{L}}-X_C}{R} $$
$$ \cos(\phi)=\frac{R}{Z} $$
$$ \overline{P}=I_{rms}V_{rms}\cos(\phi) $$
$$ c=\SI{3.00e8}{\m\per\s} $$
$$ c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\epsilon_0\mu_0}} $$
$$ \overline{I}=\frac{E_{rms}B_{rms}}{\mu_0} $$
$$ E=cB $$
$$ I=\frac{P}{A} $$
$$ \omega=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathcal{L}C}} $$
$$ E=hf=pc $$
$$ \lambda = \frac{h}{p} $$
$$ L=\frac{nh}{2\pi} $$
$$ E_n = -\SI{13.6}{\eV}\frac{Z^2}{n^2} $$
$$ hf=KE + W_0 $$
$$ \lambda_p T = \SI{2.90e-3}{\meter\kelvin} $$
$$ \lambda^{\prime} = \lambda + \frac{h}{mc}\( 1-\cos(\phi) \) $$
$$ N=N_0 e^{-\lambda t} $$
$$ Q = \( \sum m_{in} - m_{out} \)c^2 $$
\end{multicols}
}
%%%%%% end equations list

\newcommand{\eqntitle}{\noindent\textbf{T ?? Ch ?? AP Phys -- Dr. Horner  2013-14}}
\newcommand{\mytitle}{\eqntitle \hspace{0.25in}\textbf{NAME}\underline{\hspace{2.5in}}}
\newcommand{\inrules}{\textbf{Directions:} Show as much detail as possible (including among other things symbolic forms of equations you use, an explicit choice for the coordinate system and positive directions, and diagrams where relevant). Place final answers in a box and be sure your presentation is in a clear, logical format.  In order to be correct, final answers must include correct units.
\begin{multicols}{3}
\begin{itemize*}
\item (graphing) calculator: yes
\item open book: no
\item open notes: no
\item equation sheet: provided
\item duration of whole test: \SI{40}{\minute}
\end{itemize*}
\end{multicols}}
\begin{document}
\eqntitle
\myeqn
\newpage\thispagestyle{empty}\addtocounter{page}{-1}\mbox{}\newpage %% adds blank page on back of equations so it separates from double-sided test neatly
%\hspace{-1.25in}\includegraphics[scale=0.95]{../Phys-Content/Table-of-Properties}
\begin{extended} % the following blank line really matters; negative vspace compensates for the extra line of space in output

	\vspace{-0.2in}
	HALF of test \hspace{0.5in} start time: \hspace{1.5in} end time:

\end{extended}
\mytitle

\inrules

%\myeqn

%% first half of test %%

%% entire structure below is two code snippets I can input with a two-key command each (the second set is the second \newpart{0} chunk; delete 3 lines for single-part question
\begin{topics}
	
\end{topics}
\begin{years}
	2013-14
\end{years}
\begin{problem}{0}
	\begin{questions}
		
	\end{questions}
	\newpart{0} 
		\begin{questions}
			
		\end{questions}
		\begin{work}
			\vspace{4in}
		\end{work}
		\begin{solutions}
			\begin{quotation}
				\noindent\textbf{Solution}
				
				\begin{align}
					&
				\end{align}
				
			\end{quotation}
		\end{solutions}
		\begin{answers}
			\begin{quotation}
				\noindent\textbf{Answer}
				
				$\displaystyle   $
				
			\end{quotation}
		\end{answers}
		\begin{answersonly}
			
		\end{answersonly}
		\begin{grading}
			\begin{multicols}{2}
			{\scriptsize\rd { Grading
				\begin{itemize*}
					\item 
				\end{itemize*}
			}}
			\end{multicols}
		\end{grading}
	\newpart{0} 
		\begin{questions}
			
		\end{questions}
		\begin{work}
			\vspace{2in}
		\end{work}
		\begin{solutions}
			\begin{quotation}
				\noindent\textbf{Solution}
				
				\begin{align}
					&
				\end{align}
				
			\end{quotation}
		\end{solutions}
		\begin{answers}
			\begin{quotation}
				\noindent\textbf{Answer}
				
				$\displaystyle   $
				
			\end{quotation}
		\end{answers}
		\begin{answersonly}
			
		\end{answersonly}
		\begin{grading}
			{\rd\scriptsize{ Grading
				\begin{itemize*}
					\item 
				\end{itemize*}
			}}
		\end{grading}
\end{problem}
%% end structure of problem

%% split happens when \includecomment{extended}; not when \excludecomment{extended}
\begin{extended}
	\newpage
	\eqntitle
	\myeqn
	\newpage\thispagestyle{empty}\addtocounter{page}{-1}\mbox{}\newpage  %% adds blank page on back of equations so it separates from double-sided test neatly
	%\hspace{-1.25in}\includegraphics[scale=0.95]{../Phys-Content/Table-of-Properties}
	HALF of test \hspace{0.5in} start time: \hspace{1.5in} end time:

	\mytitle

	\inrules
\end{extended}
%% end split

%% second half of test %%


\showpoints % This goes with input{testpoints} to print total points for tests in terminal.
\end{document}